Historical information
The Institute was established in March 1956 in accordance with decision No. 361-232 of the Central Committee of the Communist Party and the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated March 17, 1956 and order No.73 issued by the Minister of Radio Engineering Industry dated March 23, 1956 as the head enterprise of the country for the creation of military radio-relay communication and data transmission complexes. The original name of the Institute was Research Institute-129 (RI-129); in 1966, it was renamed to the Moscow Research Radio-Engineering Institute (MNIRTI).
The immediate reason for the creation of RI-129 was the urgent need to create an anti-ballistic missile system, which required a system of data transmission between the command post and radars located at 100 km and farther to control the launch of an 'anti-missile'. For data exchange, the Astra Data Transmission System (DTS) was built on the basis of the first RRSs by the MNIRTI (R-400 and their modifications).
So, since 1961, the anti-ballistic missile system has been providing the interception of ballistic missiles, which allowed Nikita Khrushchev to say to the whole world that now 'our missile can be said to hit a fly in space.'
Since then, the Institute has successfully carried out government tasks for creating special radio-electronic systems, including radio-relay, troposphere and satellite radio communications, for the benefit of military and security forces, various DTSs (including around Moscow), as well as ground-based and air-based ECM systems. Over the years, several generations of radio relay and troposphere stations – stationary and mobile, digital and analogue ones – have been created and put into operation; mobile television broadcast relay stations of the ‘Lilia’ series have been mass-produced. The Institute developed the first national RRS in millimeter range – R-421 – adopted in the Armed Forces, which determined the ways of further development of RRSs in our country.
The unique achievement of MNIRTI in the field of troposphere communication was the creation, in 1980s, of the 'Bars' special purpose network in 6 countries: the USSR, German Democratic Republic, Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, People's Republic of Poland, People's Republic of Bulgaria, and People's Republic of Hungary, with a total length of 5100 km.
Military radio-relay and troposphere stations (RRSs and TRSs) developed at different times by MNIRTI provide so far reliable control of troops and weapons.
Since 1965, the Institute has led the national work for the creation of ground-based military space communications. Two large receiving and transmitting centers (ППЦ-1 and ППЦ-2) were created for the Unified satellite communication system (USCS). This project brought the Lenin Prize and three State Prizes to the Institute employees. Today, the Institute continues to participate in the operation and modernization of ППЦ-1 and ППЦ-2.
The Institute took an active part in the creation of the transceiver centers for the INMARSAT international system. There was performed a successful work for ensuring the governmental satellite communications intended for special service of the top public officials and for the creation of a number of ship-based and ground-based secure satellite communication stations.
In 1980, the Institute was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor for its great contribution to the design and development of satellite communication systems.
Today, it is the Joint Stock Company Moscow Order of the Red Banner of Labor Research Radio Engineering Institute (JSC MNIRTI).
At different times the Institute was headed by: Khvanevski G. S., Lipsman F. P., Korolkov G. V., Borisenko M. I., Kukk K. I., Chernyshev I. N., Matiukhin A. P., Rodimov A. P., Danielian S. A., Genov A. A., Borisenko T. M., Nevzorov Yu. V.
The formation and development of the Institute is associated with the names of well-known experts and researchers who have made a significant contribution to the development of the national science and technology. There are many famous names among them – B. R. Levin, F. p. Lipsman, G. V. Dlugach, L. P. Mercader, M. E. Herzenstein, G. S. Eidus, V. S. Kulanin, K. I. Kukk, V. V. Serov, I. R. Sivakov, I. M. Tepliakov, V. P. Gladkov, I. M., Kheifets, A. A. Sheipak, V. V. Roshchin. A. A. Matskov, S. A. Danielian, S. A. Musaelian, L. O. Myrova, R. N. Mukha, M. D. Venediktov, L. I. Chernobelsky, A. E. Znamensky, A. S. Galin, and many others.
Today, their traditions are carefully preserved and developed by the professionals of the new generation, including young professionals possessing a powerful arsenal of modern computer-based capabilities.
